日足P&Fの状況：（12月09日）～（12月13日）

Recently, the carry-over of physical fitness or physical activity from childhood to adulthood has been actively discussed. However, the carry-over effect of participation in organized sports is not well understood, despite the fact that organized sports participation has a number of positive effects on physical, mental, and social aspects. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to clarify the association of organized sports participation during school age with organized sports participation and sports volunteer participation in adulthood. The data was secondarily obtained from nationwide questionnaire research for promotion of sports activities according to the life stage conducted by the National Recreation Association of Japan. This research was conducted with 1,200 Japanese adults (612 males and 588 females) who were 20-39 years old. Path Analysis was conducted with respect to each sex. Regarding association of organized sports participation in school-age with organized sports participation in adulthood, participation in elementary school was related to that of junior high school, participation in junior high school was related to that of high school and adulthood, and participation in high school was related to that of adulthood in males. By contrast, in females, participation in elementary school was related to that of junior high and high school, participation in junior high school was related to that of high school and adulthood, and participation in high school was related to that of adulthood. With respect to association of organized sports participation in school-age with sports volunteer participation in adulthood, only organized sports participation in high school was affected in males, and only organized sports participation in junior high school was affected in females. There is a possibility that participation in organized youth sports has a carry-over effect for adult sports involvement. In order to promote organized sports participation and sports volunteer participation in adulthood, enhancing organized sports participation in school-age would be valuables.

先週は停滞していた日本個別株がようやく戻って来てくれましたコロナ禍で買い漁った日本個別株は、今となってはインカム：税引き後配当利回り4.7％超、キャピタルゲイン：全銘柄合計で+100％超と、ここまでほぼ右肩上がりで120点満点の出来。この先、ワタクシの保有する銘柄がどのくらい上昇の余地があるのかは何とも判断しがたいところではありますが、基本は永久ホルダーで下がったら少し買い増しをしようかなともちろん保有し...

Examining the associations of eHealth literacy (eHL) with obtaining health knowledge from websites would help to clarify the causal pathway between eHL and health knowledge. This study aimed to compare the results obtained from Internet users with high or low eHL in accessing a reputable cancer website to obtain colorectal cancer (CRC) knowledge. A total of 105 participants with high eHL and 103 participants with low eHL accessed a reputable CRC website managed by the National Cancer Center and responded to Internet-based surveys before and after accessing a website in 2012. Twelve responses to knowledge statements regarding CRC were selected based on item response theory, and the differences in correct responses of pre- and post-surveys by each eHL group were compared. Two statements showed a significant increase in correct responses in the high eHL group only: "Red meat intake is a risk factor" (p = 0.002), and "Obesity is a risk factor" (p = 0.029), whereas only one response did so in the low eHL group: "Bloody stools are a symptom" (p = 0.004). Low eHL Internet users appeared less capable of obtaining knowledge of CRC by accessing information from a reputable cancer website than high eHL Internet users.

Considering the benefits of participating in school-based extracurricular sports activities (SBECSA), providing active SBECSA is important. However, heavy burden on teachers in coaching and management of SBECSA has been reported. Additionally, appropriate allowance and role allotment have not been discussed enough. It is necessary to understand the quality and quantity of task-related burdens in coaching and managing SBECSA to promote discussion. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to quantify the temporal, psychological, and economic burdens on teachers in coaching and management of SBECSA. The present study used a mixed-methods approach. Firstly, a semi-structured interview was conducted to clarify the contents of tasks about coaching and management of SBECSA. Participants were 12 teachers who work in junior high school or high school. All interview data was recorded and transcribed verbatim. Through the recording process, 26 contents of SBECSA tasks were grouped. Secondly, a self-completed questionnaire survey was conducted. 200 junior high schools and 200 high schools were recruited. Seventy-three schools agreed to cooperate in the study, and 361 SBECSA teachers answered the questionnaire. Question items were as follows: yearly hours taken for each of the 26 tasks, psychological burdens to do each of the 26 tasks, and yearly expenditure for coaching and management of SBECSA. As results, exact temporal burden for each of the 26 tasks was examined. On average, SBECSA teachers were spending approximately 1,400 hours a year for coaching and management. Regarding psychological burden, there were some tasks which were highly perceived although the temporal burdens were comparatively low. SBECSA teachers were payed approximately 136,000 yen a year to coach and manage SBECSA. In conclusion, SBECSA teachers assumed various tasks for management other than direct coaching. Contents of tasks would affect psychological burden as well as temporal length. Additionally, heavy individual payment for coaching and management of SBECSA was revealed. Increasing support for SBECSA coaching and management is necessary to decrease teachers burden and promote youth sports.

Background: In the rapidly developing use of the Internet in society, eHealth literacy-having the skills to utilize health information on the Internet-has become an important prerequisite for promoting healthy behavior. However, little is known about whether eHealth literacy is associated with health behavior in a representative sample of adult Internet users.Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the association between eHealth literacy and general health behavior (cigarette smoking, physical exercise, alcohol consumption, sleeping hours, eating breakfast, eating between meals, and balanced nutrition) among adult Internet users in Japan.Methods: The participants were recruited among registrants of a Japanese Internet research service company and asked to answer a cross-sectional Internet-based survey in 2012. The potential respondents (N= 10,178) were randomly and blindly invited via email from the registrants in accordance with the set sample size and other attributes. eHealth literacy was assessed using the Japanese version of the eHealth Literacy Scale. The self-reported health behaviors investigated included never smoking cigarettes, physical exercise, alcohol consumption, sleeping hours, eating breakfast, not eating between meals, and balanced nutrition. We obtained details of sociodemographic attributes (sex, age, marital status, educational attainment, and household income level) and frequency of conducting Internet searches. To determine the association of each health behavior with eHealth literacy, we performed a logistic regression analysis; we adjusted for sociodemographic attributes and frequency of Internet searching as well as for other health behaviors that were statistically significant with respect to eHealth literacy in univariate analyses.Results: We analyzed the data of 2115 adults (response rate: 24.04%, 2142/10,178; male: 49.74%, 1052/2115; age: mean 39.7, SD 10.9 years) who responded to the survey. Logistic regression analysis showed that individuals with high eHealth literacy were significantly more likely to exhibit the good health behaviors of physical exercise (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.377, 95% CI 1.131-1.678) and eating a balanced diet (AOR 1.572, 95% CI 1.274-1.940) than individuals with low eHealth literacy.Conclusions: We found that some health behaviors, including exercise and balanced nutrition, were independently associated with eHealth literacy among Japanese adult Internet users.

Previous studies have not investigated the determinants of resting oxidative stress, including physical fitness, as it relates to redox regulation. The present study therefore was aimed at identifying lifestyle and biological factors that determine resting oxidative stress, including objectively measured physical fitness. In 873 middle-aged and elderly men and women, age and anthropometric parameters, lifestyle-related parameters, medication and supplementation status, physical fitness, biochemical parameters, and nutritional intake status, as well as three plasma oxidative stress markers: protein carbonyl (PC), F2-isoprostane (F2-IsoP), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), were surveyed and measured. The determinants of PC, F2-IsoP, and TBARS in all participants were investigated using stepwise multiple regression analysis. In PC, age (β = -0.11, P = 0.002), leg extension power (β = -0.12, P = 0.008), BMI (β = 0.12, P = 0.004), and HDL-C (β = 0.08, P = 0.040) were included in the regression model (adjusted R 2 = 0.018). In the F2-IsoP, smoking status (β = 0.07, P = 0.060), BMI (β = 0.07, P = 0.054), and HbA1c (β = -0.06, P = 0.089) were included in the regression model (adjusted R 2 = 0.006). In TBARS, glucose (β = 0.18, P < 0.001), CRF (β = 0.16, P < 0.001), age (β = 0.15, P < 0.001), TG (β = 0.11, P = 0.001), antioxidant supplementation (β = 0.10, P = 0.002), and HbA1c (β = -0.13, P = 0.004) were included in the regression model (adjusted R 2 = 0.071). In conclusion, the present study showed that age, anthropometric index, lifestyle-related parameters, medication and supplementation status, objectively measured physical fitness, biochemical parameters, and nutritional intake status explain less than 10% of oxidative stress at rest.

地域から無作為抽出した成人を対象に、加速度計および調査票を用い、身体活動・座位行動を網羅的に評価し、それらの指標を抑鬱症状との関連について包括的に検討した。分析対象者は343名(平均47.9±12.1歳)で全体の32%が大学卒または大学院卒、40%が世帯収入500万円以上、80%が既婚者/フルタイム・パートタイム就業者であった。また、全体の16%が喫煙者、23%が週5日以上飲酒すると回答した。脳梗塞、心臓病、癌の現病歴を持つ者は各0.6%、2.9%、3.2%であった。BMIによる判定では19%が過体重・肥満に該当した。抑鬱傾向を有する者は17.5%であった。対象者の平均加速度計装着日は7.0±1.1日(平日5.1±1.0日、休日2.0±0.5日)であった。平均装着時間は934.1±94.6分であった。客観的評価による中等度の強度以上平均身体活動時間および座位行動時間は各67.3±38.7分/日、360.3±98.2分/日であった。身体活動と抑鬱症状の関連は、中等度の強度以上の身体活動時間高値群は低値群と比べ抑鬱傾向と有意な負の関連が認められた。座位行動と抑鬱症状の関連は、総座位時間と抑鬱傾向に有意な関連は認められなかった。

Objective:The present study examined physical activity(PA)levels and differences in PA by gender and grades during school recess periods. Method:PA levels of two hundred and thirty children(55% boys, 42%younger)from two elementary schools in Japan were measured with accelerometry for seven consecutive days. Time spent in sedentary, light PA, moderate PA, vigorous PA during break(25 minutes)and lunch recess(15 minutes), and total recess(40 minutes)was determined. Two-way analysis of variance was used to examine differences in PA variables by gender and grades. Results:Data of one hundred and eighty four children(52% boys, 56% younger)was available. Time spent in sedentary, light PA, moderate PA, and vigorous PA was 8.5±4.9, 12.9±3.8, 1.6±1.2, and 2.9±2.8 minutes during break, and 3.5±2.5, 9.5±2.2, 1.4±0.9, and 1.6±1.4 minutes during lunch recess, respectively. There were no significant interactions between gender and grades. Significant main effects of PA variables were found for gender and grades. Boys had fewer sedentary time(p=0.017)and higher vigorous PA time(p<0.001)than girls during total recess. Younger engaged in more sedentary(p=0.045)and less light(p=0.023)and moderate PA(p=0.006)than older at break. On the other hand, at lunch recess, younger had significantly longer light(p=0.015)and vigorous PA(p<0.001)and shorter sedentary time(p<0.001)than older. Conclusion:Overall, boys were less sedentary and engaged in PA at higher intensity levels than girls during school recess. Different pattern in PA was shown between break and lunch recess by grades.

本研究では交通エネルギーと都市・土地利用の関連性に着目し、その因果関係を明らかにすることを目的として研究を行った。特に、どのような土地利用パターンの配置が、交通エネルギー負荷を低減に寄与するかについて、東京都市圈及び地方中核都市を対象に実証的に比較分析を行った。○首都圏における土地利用特性と交通エネルギー消費東京都市圏を対象に、大ゾーンレベルで交通エネルギー消費の現状を算出した。その結果、一人当たりのエネルギー消費量は全国の6124kcal/人に対して東京都市圏は5214kcal/人と良好な結果を示した。また、都市構造の変化に伴うエネルギー消費のシミュレーションでは職住近接施策の効果が高いことがわかった。○地方都市における土地利用と交通エネルギー消費宇都宮市を対象に、エネルギー負荷の少ない交通機関として公共交通に着目し、これを促進させる土地利用分布について検討を行った。その結果、都心部の育成、公共交通サービス水準の高い地域の開発が公共交通利用を増大させ、強いては都市全体のエネルギー負荷を低減させることがわかった。同量の都市開発を郊外部と都心部で行った場合、新規需要の公共交通分担率が都心部の方が郊外部より2倍から3倍高いとの試算結果を得た。総じて、交通エネルギー負荷の少ない都市とは、(1)通勤通学等のトリップ長が短い都市(コンパクトシティ)、(2)公共交通が利用できるような中高密居住の都市があげられる。これらの都市の実現には都市成長管理を含めた中長期的な総合施策が必要である。

BACKGROUND: Although the main targets for reducing workplace sedentary behavior have been clarified, only a few studies have examined the association between social-ecological factors and workplace sedentary behavior for effective intervention. The present study aimed to examine the social-ecological factors of workplace sedentary behavior among Japanese sedentary workers. METHODS: Participants were recruited via a cross-sectional mail survey targeting randomly sampled 6000 middle-aged people dwelling in Matsuyama-city and Koto-ku in Japan. Participants answered a questionnaire on social-ecological factors, recorded their work time in a diary, and wore a triaxial accelerometer during waking time for 7 consecutive days. Workplace sedentary behavior was measured using accelerometer and was referred to as the work time in the recorded diary. Full-time workers who had mainly sitting work and valid accelerometer data were included in the analysis. Workplace sedentary variables were sedentary breaks per sedentary hour, sedentary time, and ≥ 30 min bouts of sedentary time. The associations between each sedentary variable and social-ecological factors were explored by conducting three multiple linear regression analyses adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related factors. RESULTS: A total of 227 participants (133 men, mean age 49.9 ± 6.9 years) were included in the analysis. In the overall sample, "typically seeing work colleagues take sedentary breaks" was significantly associated with more sedentary breaks (B [95% confidence interval {CI}=1.40 [0.07 to 2.73]) and shorter ≥30-min bouts of sedentary time (B [95% CI] = -7.08 [-13.75 to -0.40]). "I am motivated to take sedentary breaks" had an unfavorable association with less sedentary breaks (B [95% CI] = -1.36 [-2.61 to -0.12]) and longer sedentary time (B [95% CI] = 4.15 [0.29 to 8.00]). In male workers, "Too stressed to take sedentary breaks" was significantly associated with less sedentary breaks (B [95% CI] = -5.6 [-9.17 to -2.02]). CONCLUSIONS: Seeing work colleagues take sedentary breaks may be important for reducing workplace sedentary behavior. Those who are more sedentary are motivated to take sedentary breaks. Male workers who feel the need to take sedentary breaks at work are more sedentary.

Increased sedentary behavior (SB) can adversely affect health. Understanding time-dependent patterns of SB and its correlates can inform targeted approaches for prevention. This study examined diurnal patterns of SB and its sociodemographic associations among Japanese workers. The proportion of sedentary time (% of wear time) and the number of breaks in SB (times/sedentary hour) of 405 workers (aged 40–64 years) were assessed using an accelerometer. SB patterns and sociodemographic associations between each time period (morning, afternoon, evening) on workdays and nonworkdays were examined in a series of multivariate regression analyses, adjusting for other sociodemographic associations. On both workdays and nonworkdays, the proportion of sedentary time was lowest in the morning and increased towards evening (b = 12.95, 95% CI: 11.28 to 14.62; b = 14.31, 95% CI: 12.73 to 15.88), with opposite trend for breaks. Being male was consistently correlated with SB. Other sociodemographic correlates differed depending on time-of-day and day-of-the-week. For instance, desk-based workstyles and urban residential area were associated with SB during workday mornings and afternoons, being single was related to mornings and evenings, workdays and nonworkdays. Initiatives to address SB should focus not only on work-related but time-of-day contexts, especially for at-risk subgroups during each period.

OBJECTIVES: Reducing sedentary behaviour (SB) and increasing physical activity (PA) have been shown to be associated with decreased depression. However, there are yet few studies examining the potential benefits on older adults' depression, when SB is replaced with PA. This study aimed to examine the associations of objectively assessed SB, light-intensity PA (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) with depression among a sample of Japanese older adults, and to explore impacts of substituting SB with PA on older adults' depression. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis. SETTING: General community. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 276 older adults aged 65-85 years living in Japan. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Three behaviours including the average daily time spent in SB (≤1.5 METs); LPA (>1.5 to <3.0 METs) and MVPA (≥3.0 METs) per day were calculated by accelerometers. Depression was assessed using the Japanese version of the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). RESULTS: Less SB (β=0.129, 95% CI 0.015 to 0.243) and more LPA (β=-0.138, 95% CI -0.265 to -0.011) were found to be significantly and negatively associated with the GDS-15 score in the single-activity model. The isotemporal substitution model found that replacing only 30 min per day of SB with the same amount of LPA to be significantly and negatively associated with the GDS-15 score (β=-0.131, 95% CI -0.260 to -0.002). CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicated that substituting even small amounts of SB with LPA may contribute to less depression in older adults. Potential favourable effects can be observed for replacing only 30 min per day of SB with LPA.

OBJECTIVES: This study examined cross-sectional and 2-year prospective associations of perceived and objectively measured environmental attributes with screen time among middle-aged Japanese adults. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Nerima and Kanuma cities of Japan. PARTICIPANTS: Data were collected from adults aged 40-69 years living in two cities of Japan in 2011 (baseline: n=1011; 55.3±8.4 years) and again in 2013 (follow-up: n=533; 52.7% of baseline sample). MEASURES: The exposure variables were five geographic information system-based and perceived attributes of neighbourhood environments (residential density, access to shops and public transport, footpaths, street connectivity), respectively. The outcome variables were baseline screen time (television viewing time and leisure-time internet use) and its change over 2 years. Multilevel generalised linear modelling was used. RESULTS: On average, participants' screen time was not statistically different over 2 years (2.3 hours/day at baseline and 2.2 hours/day at follow-up; P=0.24). There were cross-sectional associations of objective (exp(β): 1.11; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.22) and perceived (1.12; 1.02 to 1.23) good access to public transport, perceived good access to shop (1.18; 1.04 to 1.36) and perceived good street connectivity (1.11; 1.01 to 1.23) with higher time spent in screen time at baseline. No objective and perceived environmental attributes were significantly associated with change in screen time. CONCLUSIONS: Activity-supportive neighbourhood environmental attributes appear to be related to higher levels of screen time cross-sectionally. Pattern of screen time might be maintained rather than changed over time under the same neighbourhood environments. Environmental interventions that promote physical activity may need to consider the potential negative health impact of screen time in Japan.

Background: It is vital to reduce the proportion of sedentary behavior in children. Understanding the duration and behavioral context is needed. The present study examined school-grade and sex differences in domain-specific sedentary times and concurrence with screen-time guidelines among Japanese elementary school children.Methods: A total of 625 children (330 boys) were surveyed in 2010 and 2014. Using a questionnaire, data regarding participants' grade (first through third grades: lower grades; fourth through six grades: higher grades), sex, weight, and height were collected in addition to the time spent per day engaging in each specific sedentary behavior separately: (1) reading or listening to music, (2) TV or video viewing, (3) TV game use, (4) internet use excluding class, (5) homework, and (6) car travel. Two-way analysis of covariance and logistic regression analyses, adjusted for BMI and moderate to vigorous physical activity, were used to examine school-grade and sex differences in sedentary behaviors and the independent risk of exceeding recommended total daily screen time ( 2 h).Results: On 625 children, mean minutes (SD) of sedentary behavior per week in (1) - (6) were 90.3 (123.4), 535.0 (356.6), 167.3 (222.1), 23.9 (70.9), 264.9 (185.3), and 33.4 (61.2) in weekdays and 42.1 (70.0), 323.9 (232.0), 123.0 (96.4), 15.8 (49.9), 74.4 (96.4), and 71.3 (84.9) in weekends, respectively. There were differences in the minutes of sedentary behavior between participants of 2010 and 2014; e.g., TV game use and homework in weekdays and weekdays and car travel in weekends. Boys spent more time in TV game use, and girls spent more time reading, listening to music, doing homework, and car travel. Higher-grade students spent more time reading or listening to music, using a computer, and doing homework. Higher-grade students were 2.09 times (95% CI: 1.32 - 3.30) in whole week, 2.08 times (95% CI: 1.45 - 3.00) in weekday, and 1.88 times (95% CI: 1.29 - 2.74) in weekend more likely to spend = 2 h per day in domains (2) - (4) (screen-time) than lower-grade students.Conclusions: Time spent engaging in each domain-specific sedentary behavior differed according to sex and school grade. Higher-grade students were less likely to meet screen-time guidelines. These findings highlight the need for domain-focused strategies to decrease sedentary behavior in Japanese school-age children.

総合計の時価評価額では本日も過去最高を更新しました・・・が！相変わらず日本個別株は下げてますね～特に東急不動産HDと、めぶきフィナンシャルグループの下げが大きくて、この二つの銘柄だけでも6月最初の記事から率にして約12％、金額にして6万円弱の下げとなってしまいました(;´･ω･)不動産系は他銘柄も下がっているようなので、東急不動産HD特有の理由ではないと思いますが、金融系も同時に下がっているのでちょっと気になる...